Blog

The paperwork between the part and the signature.

Practical writing for quality managers and inspectors at job shops: first articles, CMM reports, GD&T, audits, and the mistakes that send reports back.

RSS feed · Looking for step-by-step how-tos? See the guides.

GD&T

GD&T profile of a surface: zones, datums and pass/fail

GD&T profile of a surface for inspectors: bilateral and U zones, datums, flatness vs profile, CMM pass/fail with real numbers, and how to report it on Form 3.

Shop floor

Non-conformance report (NCR): a filled-in machine shop example

What a non-conformance report (NCR) is, the fields it needs, a filled-in machine shop example, dispositions, who approves, correction vs corrective action.

Metrology

Gage R&R study: formula, worked example and acceptance criteria

A Gage R&R study worked by hand: 10 parts, 3 operators, 3 trials, with the AIAG K constants, EV, AV, %GRR and ndc, the acceptance criteria and what to fix.

GD&T

Free ballooning software: 5 ways to balloon a drawing, compared

Free and low-cost ways to balloon a drawing: PDF markup, CAD, Excel, desktop auto-ballooners and browser AI. A decision table and a checklist for any output.

FAI basics

First article inspection software: a buyer's checklist

How to choose first article inspection software: a weighted scorecard for AS9102 demos, questions to ask, red flags, pricing models, and when Excel is enough.

Forms

First article inspection report template, with a filled-in example

What a first article inspection report template must contain, a filled-in AS9102 example for a 6061-T6 bracket, and Excel vs Word vs PDF. Free templates.

Audits

DFARS compliant material: what it means on a mill cert

What DFARS compliant material means on a mill cert: which specialty metals count, the 28 qualifying countries, exceptions, and recording melt source on Form 2.

Metrology

Calibration out of tolerance: what to do next

What to do when a gauge comes back out of tolerance: an 8-step OOT procedure, a worked micrometer impact assessment, and how to set calibration tolerances.

FAI basics

FAI report rejected? 12 reasons and how to fix them

The 12 reasons customers send AS9102 FAI reports back, what the SQE sees in each case, how to prevent it, and a pre-submission checklist you can print.

FAI basics

PPAP vs FAI: differences and what you can reuse

PPAP vs FAI side by side: AIAG levels and 18 elements vs AS9102 Forms 1-3, what each proves, when each is redone, and what a shop doing both can reuse.

GD&T

MMC bonus tolerance: formula and 3 worked examples

MMC bonus tolerance: the formula plus three worked examples, a hole, a pin, and a datum at MMB where datum shift applies. Real numbers, pass or fail.

Metrology

How to read a CMM report: an annotated sample

How to read a CMM report column by column: nominal, tolerances, MEAS, DEV, OUTTOL, true position with MMC bonus, alignment, and how to spot a bad report.

FAI basics

First article vs first piece inspection: the difference

First article vs first piece inspection, plus in-process, final, source and receiving inspection: who does each, when, what it proves and what record it leaves.

Shop floor

First article inspection cost: a model you can copy

What a first article inspection costs a job shop, step by step, with a worked example to copy, plus how to quote FAI as a line item and price delta FAIs.

FAI basics

First article inspection checklist for AS9102

A printable first article inspection checklist in six phases: contract review, ballooning, inspection, Forms 1, 2 and 3, sign-off, and submission and retention.

Audits

Certificate of conformance vs certificate of compliance vs material cert

CoC, certificate of compliance, mill cert, EN 10204 3.1, CoA and special-process certs: who issues each, what it proves, what to check, and a sample CoC.

GD&T

Basic dimension vs reference dimension: do you balloon it?

Basic vs reference dimensions for inspectors: what each means, whether to balloon it, and a decision table for TYP, 4X, notes, flag notes and GD&T frames.

Forms

AS9102 Form 2: materials, special processes and tests

What goes in each AS9102 Form 2 column, a worked example for an anodized 6061-T6 bracket, tracing each line to a cert, and the cert gaps that get FAIs rejected.

Forms

AS9102 Form 1: field-by-field guide with an example

How to fill in AS9102 Rev C Form 1, field by field: part identity, full or partial FAI, Part Type on the assembly index, and sign-off block, with an example.

Audits

AS9100 audit checklist: FAI and inspection records

What an AS9100 auditor pulls when sampling FAI and inspection records, clause by clause, the findings they write most, and a 30-minute self-audit.

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